Transcript
0:00What was the village in French the village
0:04completely lost that one Words ending AGE we
0:09can just pull them over to French La
0:12village Le village it's a masculine ending the
0:17AGE ending le village.
0:19So, you know, we had like le message
0:21le garage to the village Isn't a le
0:26village but au village au village au village
0:31Something very strange happens here.
0:33Ah and le become a you which is
0:36pronounced like oh, oh And if you've heard
0:39goodbye in French, you've already heard this.
0:41Au revoir.
0:42Au revoir Which is literally to the re
0:46-seeing.
0:46This is literally a le revoir a le
0:50revoir but a and le become au au
0:54au revoir So to the villages au village
0:57au village au village Our father doesn't want
1:01to go to the village our father doesn't
1:03want to go to the village Very good
1:17Our father doesn't want to go to the
1:20village on foot village,
1:31au village.
1:32Very good.
1:33Notre père ne veut pas aller à pied
1:37au village, au aller au village à pied,
1:40we could have.
1:42Le bureau, le bureau is the office, of
1:46course, where we get bureaucracy from.
1:49Le bureau, le bureau.
1:51How would you say to the office?
1:56Au bureau.
1:57Very good.
1:57A LE becomes a YOU.
2:00Au bureau.
2:01HE in the plural in English is THEY.
2:06No, to his are they, to she's are
2:09also they, and to its are also they.
2:12So this is quite a non-obvious plural
2:14in English.
2:15No, to go from HE to THEY, from
2:18SHE to THEY, but THEY is the plural.
2:20In French, we'll just add an S for
2:24this.
2:25So we have IL for HE and for
2:27THEY, we will just add an S to
2:29IL, ILS.
2:31How does that sound?
2:34Il, il.
2:35Yep, it sounds the same.
2:37We don't pronounce that last S, but we
2:39write it, but it sounds the same.
2:40IL.
2:41So that's also THEY.
2:42But for masculine or mixed groups, if we
2:45have all females, we will make L plural
2:49for THEY.
2:49So how would that sound?
2:52L.
2:53L.
2:54The same.
2:55They can, they can, they are able to,
2:58is IL or L, peuvent.
3:01Il peut.
3:02Good.
3:03This is spelt P-E-U-V-E
3:06-N-T.
3:08ENT on the end of verbs in French
3:11isn't pronounced, but it is making us hear
3:13that V before it, no?
3:14P-E-U-V-E-N-T, peuvent.
3:18Why can't they go to the office?
3:21Why can't they go to the office?
3:24Pourquoi ils ne peuvent pas aller au bureau?
3:31Good, you said au because you were thinking
3:33about how it's written.
3:34Au, au, bureau.
3:36Au bureau.
3:38Very good.
3:39Pourquoi ils ne peuvent pas aller au bureau?
3:44Or we could also have the inversion there.
3:48Pourquoi ne peuvent-ils?
3:51But when we do that, how would that
3:52sound?
3:53Because here we have ENT on the end.
3:55So when we make that inversion, it has
4:00a liaison.
4:03Peuvent-ils?
4:04So you don't hear the whole ending of
4:05the verb, just that last consonant.
4:09Peuvent-ils?
4:10Peuvent-ils?
4:11Ah, you only hear that last consonant.
4:14And we hear it because it's sticking on
4:16to the next word, it's not on the
4:18end of the syllable anymore.
4:19No, it's the beginning of a new syllable.
4:22So, peuvent-ils?
4:23So, if we were to make the inversion
4:25here, we would have an obligatory liaison because
4:29these words are so connected in meaning, no?
4:32Ils peuvent.
4:33Peuvent-ils?
4:34Peuvent-ils?
4:35Pourquoi ne peuvent-ils pas aller au bureau?
4:40In a similar way that A and LE
4:42become AU, if we want to say OF
4:47THE, talking about a masculine thing, we don't
4:50get DE LE, but DU.
4:53So we have two situations here of the
4:55masculine LE just becoming a U.
4:58A LE becomes AU, and DE LE becomes
5:03DU.
5:03How would you say OF THE VILLAGE, FROM
5:06THE VILLAGE?
5:10DU VILLAGE.
5:11FISH in French is POISSON.
5:16Like the star sign PISCES, again we have
5:19the F to P shift, no?
5:21FISH, POISSON.
5:23Spelled P-O-I-S-S-O-N.
5:26What was TO TRY, like ESSAY?
5:32ESSAYER.
5:33TO TRY, like TO TRY FOOD, for example,
5:36is COUTER.
5:39Again, this is like our S-T or
5:42S-hard consonant pattern that we saw, like
5:44in the word PARTY, FEAST, FET, BEAST, BET,
5:49no?
5:50The S-T of, like, GUSTO, which we
5:53say sometimes in English, no?
5:54or DISGUSTING, no?
5:57There we lose that S for that T,
6:00GOUTER, TO TRY, but like in the sense
6:03of FOOD, to sample.
6:05You have to try the fish, and FISH
6:07is masculine, LE POISSON.
6:12Tu dois gouter le poisson.
6:14Very good.
6:15Tu dois gouter le poisson.
6:19You have to try the fish from the
6:21village.
6:21You have to try the fish from the
6:23village.
6:26Tu dois gouter le poisson du village.
6:30Tu dois gouter le poisson du village.
6:35This verb, depending on the dialect, and again,
6:38personal dialect, idiolect, can also be GOUTER-IN.
6:42So it can be GOUTER or GOUTER-A,
6:45depending on the French speaker.
6:46Using GOUTER-IN, how would you say, you
6:50have to try the fish from the village?
6:51Tu dois gouter le poisson du village.
6:57Good, but what would happen with GOUTER-A
7:01-LE?
7:03Tu dois gouter le poisson du village.
7:07Very good.
7:08Tu dois gouter le poisson du village.
7:14And the verb TO FISH, the verb TO
7:16FISH is PÈCHER.
7:18Again, our FTP shift, no?
7:19PÈCHER, TO FISH.
7:21You have to try to fish.
7:26Tu dois essayer de pêcher.
7:30Very good, you jumped over all of my
7:33traps there.
7:35ESSAYER, no?
7:36Because this isn't trying the fish, like tasting
7:38it, coming from GUSTO, GOUTER.
7:41This is to try to fish, ESSAYER.
7:44And when we connect that with another verb,
7:46we also use DE.
7:47Very good.
7:48Tu dois essayer de pêcher.
7:51Very good.
7:53Other examples of the FTP shift between English
7:56and French are FEVER, for example, this is
8:00PLUME in French, which is where we get
8:03the word PEN from.
8:04Well, from the Latin anyway, but that's all
8:06connected.
8:07FEVER, PLUME.
8:09How would you say THE FEVER?
8:12LA PLUME.
8:13What gender?
8:14Latin.
8:15LA PLUME.
8:16How do you know it's feminine?
8:18Ends in an E?
8:19Yes, it ends in an E, probably, no?
8:21Because we hear that M on the end.
8:24LA PLUME.
8:25So we can imagine that ends in an
8:27E, because we're hearing the final consonant.
8:29So yeah, it's feminine, LA PLUME.
8:31Also related is HELICOPTER.
8:33HELICOPTER means SPIRAL, HELICO, WING.
8:36TE, TE means WING.
8:38And in that last bit, we can easily
8:40see the relation to FEATHER with the FTP
8:43shift.
8:44TE, TE, FEATHER.
8:46Or even a FART.
8:48A FART, in French, is PETTER or PE.
8:52Coming from the meaning of TO LOSE.
8:54A FART is a little LOSS.
8:55And TO LOSE is PERTRE.
8:58PERTRE.
8:58That's TO LOSE.
9:00PERTRE.
9:01Ending RE like TO WAIT.
9:04ATTENDRE.
9:05P-E-R-D-R-E.
9:07PERTRE.
9:08TO LOSE.
9:09I don't want to lose it.
9:11I don't want to lose it.
9:14JE NE VEUX PAS LE PERTRE.
9:17JE NE VEUX PAS LE PERTRE.
9:19I don't want to lose them.
9:23JE NE VEUX PAS LES PERTRE.
9:26Very good.
9:27JE NE VEUX PAS LES PERTRE.
9:29So L-E-S.
9:31No, we don't hear the S, but the
9:33E does change quality.
9:35So LE is IT and LE is THEM.
9:37JE NE VEUX PAS LES PERTRE.
9:40We saw that THEY CAN is IL or
9:42ELLE PEUVENT.
9:43So how would you say THEY CAN'T LOSE?
9:45THEY CAN'T LOSE.
9:48IL, IL NE PEUVENT PAS PERTRE.
9:52Very good.
9:53IL or ELLE NE PEUVENT PAS PERTRE.
9:57Very good.
Etymology
Etymology connections will appear here as they are discussed